Communication base station equipment quality appraisal

communication base station equipment takes radio frequency signal processing and network coverage optimization as its core principles. By optimizing antenna array beamforming (such as Massive MIMO technology), power amplifier efficiency (PAE ≥ 50%) and baseband processing capability (peak rate ≥ 10Gbps), achieve synergy of spectrum utilization (≤ 5Hz/bit), signal coverage (macro station radius ≥ 3km) and energy consumption control (energy consumption per bit ≤ 1μJ), and are widely used in mobile communications (5G/6G), Internet of Things, emergency communications and satellite networking. In 5G networks, it is used for collaborative coverage of millimeter wave and Sub-6GHz multi-bands; in smart cities, it meets the low-latency access requirements (≤1ms) of massive terminal devices; in remote areas, it ensures wide-area coverage of emergency communications. Compared with traditional base stations, new equipment has the characteristics of high degree of intelligence (AI-empowered network self-optimization), excellent energy efficiency (30% energy saving), hardware modularity (supporting CU/DU separation), and is the core node of digital communication infrastructure.

Zhongke Testing is a product quality appraisal service organization registered with the court. It can provide communication base station equipment quality appraisal services. It has a professional appraisal team and advanced instruments and equipment to provide fair and accurate appraisal results for communication base station equipment quality appraisal.

As 5G network construction accelerates, related quality dispute cases have increased significantly. The judicial dispute focuses on:

1, performance index dispute: the signal coverage radius does not meet the standard, and the power consumption exceeds the standard;

2, material defects: the gate leakage current of the power amplifier GaN device exceeds the standard, and the antenna vibrator coating thickness is uneven ;

3, process problems: PCB high-frequency signal crosstalk, insufficient filter out-of-band suppression;

4, contract performance dispute: core modules (such as baseband processing unit computing power, number of radio frequency channels) are inconsistent with the technical agreement.

communication base station equipment quality appraisal mainly uses the following technical methods:

1. Appearance inspection: Check whether the appearance of the equipment meets the design requirements and whether there are scratches, deformations, missing and other defects.

2. Functional test: Use professional testing instruments to test whether the equipment can send and receive signals normally, and whether the signal quality meets the standard.

3. Performance test: Test whether the output power, receiving sensitivity, anti-interference ability and other performance indicators of the equipment meet the contract requirements.

4. Reliability test: Evaluate the durability and stability of the equipment through accelerated aging test, environmental test, etc.

An operator of the applicant signed a "5G Macro Station Procurement Contract" with an equipment vendor of the respondent, agreeing that the coverage radius should be ≥ 2km. After deployment, the signal blind zones in many areas exceeded the standard, and the manufacturer argued that it was caused by terrain factors.

identification analysis results:

The quality analysis expert group discussed and comprehensively analyzed the relevant information of "communication base station equipment", contract technical agreements, on-site investigation case materials and other data, and made the following quality analysis opinions :

The antenna gain of the communication base station equipment involved in the case is only 25dBi (protocol ≥28dBi), the beamforming algorithm error is >5°; the power amplifier efficiency is only 40% (protocol ≥50%), the stray radiation exceeds the standard to -30dBm/MHz; PCB high-frequency trace crosstalk reaches 0.8dB/mm.

The appraisal conclusion concluded that defects in the equipment’s radio frequency hardware and algorithm were the main cause of insufficient coverage.

The communication base station equipment quality appraisal report should include:

1, appraisal purpose and reference standards;

2, specifications of the pipes involved, production batch numbers, construction records;

3, testing List of methods and equipment;

4, analysis of correlation between test data and failure;