Plate machine quality appraisal

plug-in machine is the core equipment in the field of electronic manufacturing. It realizes the automatic insertion of electronic components (such as resistors, capacitors, connectors) through high-precision robotic arms and visual recognition systems. Its typical application scenarios include: Printed circuit board (PCB) assembly: completing the mixed assembly of SMD (surface mount devices) and THT (through-hole components) in mobile phones, computer motherboards and other products (such as Apple's iPhone motherboard insertion accuracy of ±0.05mm); automotive electronics manufacturing: processing high-density insertion of vehicle navigation and airbag control modules (such as the "zero defect" of Tesla's battery management system Insertion requirements); aerospace field: complete the high-precision component insertion of spacecraft control boards (such as the miniaturization insertion process of SpaceX Starlink satellites).

Compared with traditional manual insertion, modern board inserting machines can increase production efficiency by more than 50% with full-process digital control, multi-axis linkage collaboration and real-time defect detection capabilities. They are key equipment for the intelligent upgrade of the electronics industry and directly affect product reliability and corporate competitiveness.

Zhongke Testing is a product quality appraisal service organization registered with the court. It can provide quality appraisal services for plug-in machines. It has a professional appraisal team and advanced instruments and equipment to provide fair and accurate appraisal results for the quality appraisal of plug-in machines.

With the development of miniaturization and high-density of electronic components, there has been a significant increase in cases of quality disputes about plug-in machines. Judicial disputes focus on:

1, accuracy index disputes: such as whether the component mounting position deviation meets the standard (standard ≤±0.03mm), whether the pad damage rate exceeds the limit;

2, material and process defects: degradation of the material of the robotic arm (such as misuse of aluminum alloy Cast iron), guide rail lubrication failure leads to wear;

3, control system failure: visual recognition algorithm misjudgment, nozzle pressure adjustment function is missing;

4, contract performance issues: the delivered equipment does not comply with the technical agreement (such as the Japanese Omron vision system is not configured).

0In such cases, quality appraisal needs to be combined with failure analysis, visual system calibration and process verification to provide technical support for the court to determine breach of contract liability and loss compensation, and to promote industry standardization and intellectual property protection.

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The quality identification technical methods of the board machine include:

1, material performance testing

using a spectrometer to detect the material of the robotic arm and verifying the heat treatment process; detecting internal defects in the guide rail weld through ultrasonic flaw detection, and measuring the Ra value of the sliding surface with a surface roughness meter.

2, geometric accuracy verification

The laser interferometer measures the positioning accuracy and repeatability accuracy of the robotic arm; the three-coordinate measures the coaxiality between the center of the nozzle and the PCB pad.

03, electrical performance test

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2The oscilloscope detects the signal integrity of the servo motor encoder and verifies the position feedback accuracy; the digital multimeter measures the pressure stability of the vacuum nozzle.

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44, vision system evaluation

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6 calibration board calibrates the visual camera distortion, detects component recognition accuracy; simulates component tilt, missing corners and other abnormalities to test the algorithm's fault tolerance.

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85, failure mode analysis

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0 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the damage morphology of the pad, and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) was used to detect the composition of the pad coating; the dynamic response of the robotic arm was analyzed based on finite element simulation, and the acceleration and deceleration parameters were optimized.

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An electronics factory of the applicant signed a "High-speed Board Insertion Machine Purchase Contract" with an automation equipment company of the respondent, agreeing to purchase three units of AP-1000 equipment for mobile phone motherboard insertion. After being put into production, the component mounting position deviation reached ±0.08mm, and the pad damage rate exceeded 0.5% (standard ≤0.1%), resulting in customer returns. The electronics factory believed that the equipment had design defects and demanded compensation for losses. The equipment company argued that the problem stemmed from improper operation, and both parties went to court.

Identification analysis results:

The quality analysis expert group discussed and comprehensively analyzed the relevant information of the "board inserting machine", contract technical agreement, on-site investigation case materials and other data, and made the following quality analysis opinions:

1. The material of the mechanical arm of the involved inserting machine is ordinary aluminum alloy (contract requirement 7075-T6), and the yield strength is only 200MPa (standard ≥500MPa), resulting in deformation; the guide rail grease grade is inconsistent (contract requirement ISO VG 68, actual use VG 32), and the wear amount reaches 0.1mm/thousand hours.

2, the mechanical arm transmission chain of the plug-in machine involved in the case has insufficient stiffness, and the vibration amplitude reaches 0.05mm (standard ≤0.02mm) during plug-in; the visual light source is not equipped with a diffuse reflective plate, and the failure rate of identifying reflective elements (such as tantalum capacitors) exceeds 5%. The nozzle pressure adaptive algorithm is missing, and the actual pressure fluctuates ±20kPa (standard ±5kPa).

0The equipment company failed to provide equipment that met the material and precision requirements as per the contract, resulting in component placement position deviation and pad damage.

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plug-in machine quality appraisal report should include the following content:

1. The purpose and basis of the appraisal.

2. Model, specification, manufacturer and other information of the equipment being identified.

3. Identification method.

4. Identification results (including whether there are quality problems, causes of problems, etc.).

05. Identification conclusion.

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26. Signature and seal of the appraiser, and official seal of the appraisal institution.

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